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Grade 9 Electricity Practice Exam

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Which statement correctly describes how resistance changes with cross-sectional area for a given material and temperature?
Correct Answer:
Resistance stays the same when cross-sectional area changes.
Explanation:
The amount of resistance in a conductor depends on how easily charges can flow through it. For a given material and a fixed temperature, resistance is proportional to the length and to the resistivity, and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area: R = ρL/A. This means that increasing the cross-sectional area provides more pathways for current to flow, so the same amount of charge moves through a larger area with less opposition, lowering the resistance. Conversely, narrowing the area makes it harder for charges to pass, increasing resistance. The idea that resistance stays the same or increases with larger area isn’t consistent with this relationship, and color has no effect on resistance.

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