Examen Integrado Farmacia Hospitalaria Practice Questions - Examen Integrado De Residencias De La Salud - Farmacia Hospitalaria (Argentina) Exam

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During the intravenous administration of vancomycin 1,000 mg over 20 minutes, a patient develops intense erythema, pruritus, and flushing of the upper chest, neck, and face, without airway compromise or angioedema. What is the pharmacological mechanism and primary corrective measure for this reaction?

IgE-mediated Type I anaphylaxis; immediately administer intramuscular epinephrine and permanently discontinue glycopeptides Non-immune direct mast cell and basophil degranulation triggered by rapid infusion; slow the infusion rate to <= 10 mg/min (infusion over at least 60–120 minutes) and administer antihistamines Type III immune complex vasculitis; initiate high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone Direct alpha-1 adrenergic stimulation causing facial vasodilation; administer intravenous phentolamine

Correct Answer:

Non-immune direct mast cell and basophil degranulation triggered by rapid infusion; slow the infusion rate to <= 10 mg/min (infusion over at least 60–120 minutes) and administer antihistamines

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