ETM 1050 Design Considerations Fundamentals Practice Exam

Which statement correctly distinguishes verification from validation in V&V?

Verification confirms the product meets design specifications; validation confirms it fulfills user needs in real use conditions. Validation confirms the product meets design specifications; verification confirms it fulfills user needs in real use conditions. They are interchangeable. Verification is only for software; validation only for hardware.

Correct Answer:

Validation confirms the product meets design specifications; verification confirms it fulfills user needs in real use conditions.

Explanation:

Verification is about checking that the product was built correctly to meet its design specifications, while validation is about checking that the right product was built and will fulfill user needs in real use conditions. So the statement that verification confirms the product meets design specifications and validation confirms it fulfills user needs in real use conditions aligns with the intended distinction: you verify against the design, then validate against actual use and requirements. The other options mix up the roles, suggest they’re interchangeable, or incorrectly restrict verification/validation to software vs hardware, which isn’t how V&V is defined.

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