Environmental Science Exam 1 Practice

The buildup over time of nutrients in freshwater lakes and ponds that leads to an increase in the growth of algae.

Eutrophication Matter Atmosphere Biosphere

Correct Answer:

Eutrophication

Explanation:

Nutrient enrichment of freshwater bodies leading to algal blooms is called eutrophication. Over time, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus accumulate in lakes from runoff, wastewater, and detergents. That extra nutrient supply fuels rapid growth of algae and other aquatic plants, often causing a visible greenish bloom and reduced light for deeper vegetation. When these algae die, their decomposition by microbes uses up oxygen, leading to hypoxic conditions that can stress or kill fish and other organisms. The other terms are broader or pertain to different parts of the Earth system and don’t describe the progressive nutrient buildup that drives algal growth in ponds and lakes.

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