ENADE Geografia Practice Questions - ENADE Geografia - Exame Nacional De Desempenho Dos Estudantes Exam

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In karst landscapes developed on carbonate rocks across Brazil, such as the Bambuí Group in Minas Gerais and Bahia, distinct endokarst and exokarst features develop. What fundamental chemical weathering process drives the formation of these karst landforms?

Hydrolysis of aluminosilicates by highly alkaline surface runoff, causing secondary quartz precipitation. Thermal expansion and hydration of feldspars within granitic parent rocks, generating exfoliation domes, polygonal cracking, and cavernous tafoni. Dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by meteoric water enriched with dissolved carbon dioxide (carbonic acid, H2CO3). Oxidation of ferrous iron compounds under anaerobic conditions, producing duricrusts, hardened ferricretes, and extensive vesicular lateritic layers.

Correct Answer:

Dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by meteoric water enriched with dissolved carbon dioxide (carbonic acid, H2CO3).

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