EMS Environmental Emergencies Practice Test

In EMS care for patients exposed to wildfire smoke who have respiratory disease, which action is key?

Escalate to surgical intervention Administer only analgesics Monitor without oxygen Provide bronchodilators as prescribed and supplemental oxygen; evacuate if needed

Correct Answer:

Provide bronchodilators as prescribed and supplemental oxygen; evacuate if needed

Explanation:

Wildfire smoke can irritate the airways and worsen breathing in people with asthma, COPD, or other respiratory diseases, leading to bronchospasm and reduced oxygen levels. The best EMS action is to give inhaled bronchodilators as prescribed to relieve airway constriction, provide supplemental oxygen to maintain adequate oxygenation, and evacuate the patient from the smoke exposure if symptoms persist or the environment remains unsafe. This approach directly targets both airway opening and oxygen delivery, which are the key needs in smoke-related respiratory distress. Options that focus on surgical intervention, analgesics alone, or monitoring without oxygen don’t address these critical problems of obstruction and hypoxemia.

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