CBC Título De Especialista Em Cirurgia Geral Practice Questions - Exame Para Obtenção Do Título De Especialista Em Cirurgia Geral - CBC AMB Exam

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During a major abdominal resection, administration of large volumes of 0.9% normal saline (soro fisiológico 0,9%) can lead to a specific iatrogenic acid-base and electrolyte derangement. What is this disorder and its primary pathophysiological mechanism?

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap, caused by excess chloride load diminishing the strong ion difference (SID) and decreasing serum bicarbonate. High anion gap metabolic acidosis, caused by direct accumulation of circulating lactate and ketoacid anions. Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, caused by excessive renal bicarbonate retention and loss of hydrogen ions. Hyperkalemic respiratory acidosis, caused by acute suppression of the central medullary respiratory drive.

Correct Answer:

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap, caused by excess chloride load diminishing the strong ion difference (SID) and decreasing serum bicarbonate.

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