Campbell Biology Concepts & Connections Practice Test

During translation, what is formed by the amino acids carried by tRNA?

A ribosome catalyzes RNA synthesis. The mRNA strand is degraded. A polypeptide chain is formed. Ribosomal RNA is released.

Correct Answer:

A polypeptide chain is formed.

Explanation:

Translation builds a polypeptide chain. As the ribosome reads the mRNA, tRNA brings the corresponding amino acids and peptide bonds form between them, creating a growing chain that becomes a protein after folding. The other options describe events not produced by translation: RNA synthesis would be transcription, not the product of translating mRNA; mRNA isn’t the direct product of translation (the product is a polypeptide); and ribosomal RNA isn’t released as the outcome of this process.

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