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CAMLPR Histology Practice Test

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Which feature increases absorptive surface area in the small intestine epithelium?
Correct Answer:
Microvilli
Explanation:
Absorptive surface area in the small intestine is increased by microvilli, tiny fingerlike projections on the apical surface of enterocytes that form the brush border. These microscopic extensions extend the cell membrane, boosting the area available for nutrient contact and housing digestive enzymes, which makes absorption much more efficient. Stereocilia are long immotile extensions found in other tissues, cilia are motile and move mucus or fluids along surfaces, and flagella propel cells like sperm; none of these primarily serve nutrient absorption in the intestinal lining.

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