FCLE Founding Documents 20 Questions And Answers
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Magna Carta (1215)
First document to limit the powers of the king - signed in 1215.
Citizens could not be deprived of life, liberty or property without a lawful judgment of their peers or by law of the land.
Represented by the fifth amendment.
Citizens could not be deprived of life, liberty or property without a lawful judgment of their peers or by law of the land.
Represented by the fifth amendment.
English Bill of Rights (1689)
protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the U.S. Bill of Rights.
Mayflower Compact
1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony. Equal treatment under the law.
commen sense by thomas paine
It advocates for American independence.
John Locke, Second Treatise of Government
Humans have the right to life, liberty and property and government was to protect those rights. Rejected "Divine Right" and believed in a social contract
*Virginia*: Rights
Listed in beginning: 16 sections, basis for US Bill of Rights
Declration of Independence
the document written to declare the colonies free from British rule. Has 3 Parts: The preamble, 27 paragraphs complaining about the king and the evidence, and the resolution of independence.
Treaty of Paris 1783
This treaty ended the Revolutionary War, recognized the independence of the American colonies, and granted the colonies the territory from the southern border of Canada to the northern border of Florida, and from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River.
North West Ordinance
a law passed by Congress in 1787 specified how western lands would be governed. Modern Day Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota. Inspired the 13th amendment. National Jurisdiction
Articles of Confederation
1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)