EKG Interpretation HCA 65 Questions And Answers
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Terms in this set
65
Atrial Rhythms
• Are not classic "P-wave" rhythms, if equal/consistent/nonvarying P-waves are easily identified then the rhythm is NOT atrial in origin
• Atrial rhythms are routinely fast
• Ventricular rates can be controlled ( 100)
• Ventricular responses and rates can reach up to 220 - 240 ppm
• Ventricular regularity can be regular or irregular, depending on the rhythm:
- AFib, WAP & MAT = ALWAYS IRREGULAR
- Aflutter = Regular or Irregular
- SVT/PSVT, ATach = ALWAYS REGULAR
• QRS-complexes can be Narrow ( 0.12 sec). This is measured using the ECG paper (<0.12 = less than 3 small boxes; <0.12 = greater than 3 small boxes)
• Atrial rhythms are routinely fast
• Ventricular rates can be controlled ( 100)
• Ventricular responses and rates can reach up to 220 - 240 ppm
• Ventricular regularity can be regular or irregular, depending on the rhythm:
- AFib, WAP & MAT = ALWAYS IRREGULAR
- Aflutter = Regular or Irregular
- SVT/PSVT, ATach = ALWAYS REGULAR
• QRS-complexes can be Narrow ( 0.12 sec). This is measured using the ECG paper (<0.12 = less than 3 small boxes; <0.12 = greater than 3 small boxes)
Atrial Rhythms & Associated Rates
• A-Fib: Atria Rate >350 - 500; Ventricular Rate >220 - 240 ppm
• A-Flutter: Atrial Rate >250 - 450; Ventricular Rate >220 - 240 ppm
• Atrial Tachycardia: Atria > 220 - 240; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate (1:1 ratio)
• Supraventricular Tachycardia: >150 - 160 ppm, even upwards of 220 - 240 ppm; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate (1:1 ratio)
• Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP): Atrial Rate 100 ppm; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate
• A-Flutter: Atrial Rate >250 - 450; Ventricular Rate >220 - 240 ppm
• Atrial Tachycardia: Atria > 220 - 240; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate (1:1 ratio)
• Supraventricular Tachycardia: >150 - 160 ppm, even upwards of 220 - 240 ppm; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate (1:1 ratio)
• Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP): Atrial Rate 100 ppm; Ventricular Rate = Atrial Rate
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
Atrial ectopy (not a rhythm) similar to an ill timed hiccup within the atria, or the atria playing a game of interrupting cow.
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
Wavy and chaotic baseline, noted overall irregularity, AFib QRS complexes can be 'wide' or 'narrow'
Narrow QRS Complex
<0.12 seconds (3 small boxes)
Wide QRS Complex
>0.12 seconds (3 small boxes)
Atrial Flutter (A-Flutter)
Consistent atrial depolarization waves creating "flutter" or "saw-tooth" appearance on baseline.
Can be regular or irregular.
QRS complexes can be 'wide' or 'narrow'
Different ratios (2:1, 3:1, 4:1) possible
Can be regular or irregular.
QRS complexes can be 'wide' or 'narrow'
Different ratios (2:1, 3:1, 4:1) possible
Atrial Tachycardia (A-Tach)
Atrial Tachycardia is caused when abnormal electrical signals inersect with signals coming from the SA node.
It can prevent the heart from filling normally and refuse the overall blood flow out of the heart due to rapid rate.
'Teeny-tiny' P's noted, FAST rate, narrow complexes and REGULAR
It can prevent the heart from filling normally and refuse the overall blood flow out of the heart due to rapid rate.
'Teeny-tiny' P's noted, FAST rate, narrow complexes and REGULAR
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Abnormal heart rhythm arising from aberrant electrical activity in the heart; originates at or above the AV node
No P's noted, FAST rate, narrow complexes and REGULAR
No P's noted, FAST rate, narrow complexes and REGULAR
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
3 or more varying P-Waves, overall irregular and rate is >100 ppm. Note the DIFFERENT P's presented.