ACS General Chemistry 1 Exam 142 Questions And Answers
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Terms in this set
142
Isoelectronic species
Have the same number of electrons
Beta particles
- High energy, high speed electrons
- Have one unit of negative charge
- Loss/gain can cause change in atomic number
- Have one unit of negative charge
- Loss/gain can cause change in atomic number
Alpha particles
- Have two units of positive charge
- Loss/gain can cause change in atomic number
- Loss/gain can cause change in atomic number
Rutherford's experiment
- Prior to his experiment, atoms were thought to consist of a cloud of positive charge with electrons embedded throughout
- He discovered that some alpha particles were scattered at large angles
- His conclusion: most of the mass and all of the positive charge had to be concentrated in a tiny fraction of the volume of an atom. The rest of the atom had to be empty space.
- He discovered that some alpha particles were scattered at large angles
- His conclusion: most of the mass and all of the positive charge had to be concentrated in a tiny fraction of the volume of an atom. The rest of the atom had to be empty space.
Milikan's experinent
- Wanted to measure the charge on an electron
- Tiny oil droplets were sprayed into a chamber and then subjected to x-rays, causing them to take on a negative charge. The drops could be suspended in air if the force of gravity was balanced against an electric field.
- Through analysis, the forces of on the droplet could be calculated. Milikan determined the electron charge, which later allowed for the calculation of the mass of an electron.
- Tiny oil droplets were sprayed into a chamber and then subjected to x-rays, causing them to take on a negative charge. The drops could be suspended in air if the force of gravity was balanced against an electric field.
- Through analysis, the forces of on the droplet could be calculated. Milikan determined the electron charge, which later allowed for the calculation of the mass of an electron.
Group 1A
Alkali Metals
Group 2A
Alkaline Metals
Groups 1B-8B
Transition Metals
Groups 3A-6A
Basic metals, semimetals, nonmetals
Group 7A
Halogens